Posts Tagged ‘hemorrhoids’
Thursday, June 9th, 2011
Acyclovir, famciclovir, and valacyclovir are antiviral medicines used to treat genital herpes. All are effective, but because valacyclovir and famciclovir are absorbed better by the stomach, they can be taken less often than acyclovir. Antiviral medicines are usually taken by mouth (orally), but they are sometimes given intravenously (IV) in severe genital herpes outbreaks or herpes in newborns.
The topical form of acyclovir (Zovirax ointment) offers little benefit in the treatment of genital herpes and is not recommended. Antiviral medicines stop the growth of the herpes simplex virus (HSV).
Why It Is Used?
Acyclovir medicine may be given to:
* People who are having a primary outbreak of genital herpes.
* People who have frequent (about 6 or more a year) recurrent outbreaks of genital herpes.
* People who want to decrease the length and severity of their recurrent outbreaks.
* People who want to decrease the possibility of unintentionally transmitting the virus. Genital herpes is more likely to be transmitted during the first year of infection, even though a person may not have symptoms of a genital herpes outbreak.
* Pregnant women who are having a primary outbreak of genital herpes.
* Women in the last 4 weeks of their pregnancy who are having frequent recurrent outbreaks.
* People who have impaired immune systems and recurrent outbreaks.
Persons identified as having one sexually transmitted disease (STD) are at risk for others and should be screened as appropriate. Partners of persons with an STD should be evaluated and treated as appropriate. Emphasis should be placed on prevention as well as treatment of STDs.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is common and associated with cervical dysplasia and anal cancer.
Genital Warts Syndrome is one or more skin-colored papular lesions at sites of sexual contact. These may occur externally on the penis, vulva, or perineal region, or internally in the vagina or rectum. Genital warts are caused by human papillomavirus, which is a risk factor for cervical and anal dysplasia/cancer. Diagnosis is made by clinical appearance.
Papillomavirus Treatment
All of the listed modalities are about equally effective, and there is a high rate of relapse although frequency is variable.
* podophyllin 0.5% solution or gel (can be prescribed) apply bid x 3 days followed by 4 days of no therapy; may be repeated as necessary for total of 4 cycles
* imiquimod 5% cream (can be prescribed) apply qhs tiw for up to 16 weeks; wash area with soap and water in morning
* trichloroacetic acid
* cryotherapy
* laser therapy
* surgical removal
* local alpha-interferon injection
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Tuesday, June 7th, 2011
Anorectal disease and hemorrhoids are problems frequently encountered in primary care practice. Approximately 80% of all U.S. adults experience hemorrhoidal disease at some time in their lives. This chapter reviews common anorectal problems and includes a table with important patient management recommendations.
A fissure is a crack or tear in the anal mucosa, possibly caused by the passage of hard stool or the development of ischemic mucosal injury in the posterior anal canal. Most fissures occur in the posterior midline, although up to 10% of fissures in women are in the anterior midline. Fissures off the midline should prompt consideration of other medical disorders such as Crohn’s disease, anal carcinoma, AIDS, or syphilis.
Pruritus ani is excessive and often intractable anal itching from multiple causes. Men are more commonly affected in a ratio of 4:1 (3). Pinworms (Enterobius vermicularis) and chronic Candida infection are the most common infectious agents. Local dermatitis can result from allergic reaction to scented or dyed toilet tissue, or from allergies to certain foods (e.g., coffee, tea, cola, beer, chocolate, or tomatoes).
Although poor hygiene may lead to pruritus ani, overzealous cleansing and application of medications also can produce itching. A program of gentle but effective hygiene should be promoted. Drying the anal skin can help, and patients may require frequent changes of cotton underwear during the summer months to prevent skin maceration and further itching. Some patients have been effectively treated with topical antifungals and low-potency steroids.
Infectious proctitis can produce rectal discomfort, tenesmus, and rectal discharge. If a mucopurulent discharge is noted, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis are the most common pathogens. Syphilis also can produce anorectal infection and should be tested for. Treatment can be initiated with acyclovir or famciclovir if the characteristic ulcers of herpesvirus infection are noted.
Acyclovir (Zovirax) is an antiviral drug. It slows the growth and spread of the herpes virus so that the body can fight off the infection. Acyclovir will not cure herpes, but it can lessen the symptoms of the infection.
Acyclovir is used to treat infections caused by herpes viruses. Illnesses caused by herpes viruses include genital herpes, cold sores, shingles, and chicken pox.
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Thursday, November 5th, 2009
The symptoms of genital herpes vary from person to person, and some people don’t have any symptoms. When present, early signs include itching or burning in the genital or anal area and flu-like symptoms, such as fever and muscle aches. These symptoms may diminish with subsequent outbreaks.
The classic symptom of genital herpes is the appearance of sores near the area where the virus entered the body, such as the mouth, vagina or penis. The sores are small red bumps that may turn into blisters or painful open sores. Over time, the sores become crusted and usually heal without scarring within 2 to 12 days. Some people experience mild symptoms that are often mistaken for insect bites, yeast infections, razor burn, ingrown hairs or hemorrhoids.
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Friday, July 10th, 2009
Can anal sex give me hemorrhoids?
Not as long as you’re relaxed and enjoying it, assures Ellen Barnard, MSSW, a sex educator/counselor and co-founder of A Woman’s Touch in Madison, Wisconsin (a-womans-touch.com). Hemorrhoids (painful swollen veins in the anal area) can result from excess pressure around your anus – say, when you’re really straining to go to the bathroom. But when you use a good lubricant and the penetration feels comfortable, not forced, there’s no risk of “backdoor sex” causing hemorrhoids.
In fact, some sex researchers believe tush play may actually prevent hemorrhoids. “It improves the strength and flexibility of the skin and muscles so that the anus is better able to respond to pressure, rather than bulging and producing hemorrhoids,” Barnard says.
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